Objectives

1. To establish a specialized academic reference in the fields of Educational Technology and Information Technology in Education. 2. To meet the needs of researchers at the local, regional, and international levels by providing a distinguished platform for publishing scholarly work in educational technology and information. 3. To promote and strengthen scientific research through the publication of original and high-quality studies that support the mission and objectives of the Center for Enrichment of Knowledge for Conferences, Research and Scientific Publishing. 4. To enrich both Arabic and international academic libraries with specialized research and scholarly studies in the fields covered by the Journal. Scope The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information publishes original, peer-reviewed research articles in both Arabic and English. The Journal welcomes submissions from researchers worldwide in the fields of Educational Technology, Information Technology in Education, and related disciplines, including but not limited to the following:

The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information publish original research that complies with the Journal's publication policies and meets the following requirements: 1. The Journal publishes original and innovative research in the fields of Educational Technology and Information Technology in both Arabic and English. Each manuscript must include an abstract of no more than 200 words, accompanied by a translation into English (for manuscripts written in Arabic) or Arabic (for manuscripts written in English). 2. Manuscripts and all required supporting documents must be submitted electronically through the "Submit Your Manuscript" portal available on the Journal's website. 3. Authors must submit their manuscripts in Microsoft Word format and adhere to the Journal's formatting requirements: o Arabic manuscripts: Times New Roman, 14-point font for the main text and 10-point font for footnotes. o English manuscripts: Calibri, 12-point font for the main text and 10-point font for footnotes. 4. Manuscripts should contain 6,000–10,000 words. 5. The first page of the manuscript should include the author's full name, academic rank, institutional affiliation/position, and email address. 6. Authors must provide a complete list of all references cited in the manuscript, translated into English where applicable. 7. Submitted manuscripts must not have been published, in whole or in part, in a book, journal, conference proceedings, or any other publication, nor be under consideration by another journal. Authors are required to submit a signed declaration confirming the originality of the manuscript and affirming that it will not be submitted elsewhere until the Journal's review process has been completed (Author Declaration Form). 8. After a manuscript has been accepted for publication, authors may not republish the article, in whole or in part, in any other venue without obtaining prior written permission from the Editor-in-Chief and only after three years have elapsed from the date of its official publication in the Journal. 9. The Editorial Board reserves the right to request the deletion, revision, or modification of any part of a manuscript to ensure compliance with the Journal's editorial policies and publication standards. 10. All publication rights are reserved by the Journal. The Journal also reserves the right to republish the article, in whole or in part, without seeking additional permission from the author. Translation of the published work into another language may be undertaken with the author's prior consent. Disclaimer The opinions and views expressed in published articles are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editorial Board or the publisher. Accordingly, the Journal assumes no responsibility for the content of published works.

Peer Review Procedure 1. All manuscripts submitted to the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information undergo a double-blind peer review process to ensure fairness, objectivity, and academic quality. 2. Each submitted manuscript is initially screened by the Editorial Board to determine whether it complies with the Journal's submission guidelines and falls within its aims and scope. The Editor-in-Chief may reject a manuscript at this stage if it is outside the Journal's scope or does not meet the minimum standards of scientific quality required for peer review. 3. Manuscripts that successfully pass the initial editorial screening are assigned to at least two independent expert reviewers with recognized expertise in the relevant field. Whenever possible, reviewers are selected from different institutions and countries. Reviewers recommend one of the following decisions: o Accept without revision. o Accept subject to minor revisions. o Reconsider after major revisions. o Reject. 4. The Editor-in-Chief communicates the reviewers' comments and recommendations to the corresponding author(s), who are invited to revise the manuscript accordingly. 5. Authors whose manuscripts are not accepted for publication receive a formal notification of the editorial decision. 6. The Journal aims to complete the peer-review process within two weeks, although the review period may vary depending on reviewer availability and the nature of the manuscript. Guidelines for Reviewers 1. The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information follows a double-blind peer-review policy. Reviewers play a vital role in assisting the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board in making editorial decisions and providing constructive feedback that enhances the quality of submitted manuscripts. 2. Reviewers should accept review assignments only when the manuscript falls within their area of expertise. 3. Reviewers who believe they are not sufficiently qualified to evaluate a manuscript, or who are unable to complete the review within the requested timeframe, should promptly notify the Editor-in-Chief and decline the invitation. 4. All reviewers are expected to understand and adhere to the Journal's confidentiality requirements throughout the peer-review process. 5. Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shared, disclosed, or discussed with others without prior authorization from the Editor-in-Chief. 6. Reviews should be conducted objectively, fairly, and professionally. Reviewers should avoid personal criticism of the author(s) and provide clear, constructive comments supported by appropriate scholarly justification. 7. Reviewers should promptly inform the Editor-in-Chief of any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under review and other published or unpublished works of which they are aware. 8. Information or data obtained through the peer-review process must not be used for personal, academic, or commercial advantage. 9. Reviewers must decline invitations to review manuscripts where any actual or potential conflict of interest exists due to competitive, collaborative, institutional, financial, or other relationships with the author(s). 10. The identities and institutional affiliations of reviewers shall be securely maintained in a protected database in accordance with applicable data protection and privacy standards.

The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information is published quarterly in both print and electronic formats. Four issues are published each year according to the following schedule: • January Issue • April Issue • July Issue • October Issue

سياسة crossmark

Statement and Policy The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information maintains a zero-tolerance policy toward plagiarism and all forms of academic misconduct. To ensure the integrity of the scholarly publication process, the Journal has established the following plagiarism policy, which outlines the procedures and actions taken when plagiarism is detected in a submitted manuscript. For the purposes of this policy, plagiarism is defined as the use or imitation of another author's language, ideas, data, or intellectual work and presenting them as one's own original work without proper acknowledgment. Originality Requirements • Manuscripts submitted to the Journal must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere. • Authors must clearly identify any material reproduced verbatim from another source by: 1. Using appropriate indentation where applicable; 2. Enclosing copied text within quotation marks; and 3. Providing complete and accurate citation of the original source. • Any reproduced text exceeding the limits of fair use (generally more than two or three consecutive sentences or their equivalent), as well as any reproduced figures, tables, illustrations, or other copyrighted material, requires prior permission from the copyright holder and, where applicable, the original author. Proper acknowledgment of the original source is mandatory. Similarity Screening All manuscripts submitted to the Journal are screened using recognized plagiarism detection software to assess the manuscript's similarity index before entering the peer-review process. When plagiarism or excessive similarity is identified, the Editor-in-Chief shall determine the appropriate editorial action in accordance with the level of similarity and the Journal's publication ethics policy. Similarity Index Policy The Journal uses plagiarism detection software to evaluate the similarity index of all submitted manuscripts. Editorial decisions are based on the following criteria: 1. Similarity Index above 40% o Manuscripts with a similarity index exceeding 40% will be rejected immediately due to unacceptable plagiarism, improper citation practices, or inadequate paraphrasing. o Such manuscripts are not eligible for resubmission to the Journal. 2. Similarity Index between 15% and 40% o Manuscripts with a similarity index between 15% and 40% will be returned to the author(s) for substantial revision in accordance with accepted standards of scholarly writing and proper citation practices. 3. Similarity Index below 15% o Manuscripts with a similarity index below 15% may still require revisions if improper citation or inadequate attribution is identified. o Authors may be asked to improve citations, revise paraphrased text, and ensure that all externally sourced material is appropriately referenced. 4. Resubmission Requirements o In the cases described under Sections 2 and 3, authors must carefully revise the manuscript by improving paraphrasing, inserting all necessary citations, and ensuring full compliance with academic integrity standards. o The revised manuscript must be accompanied by a similarity report generated by plagiarism detection software demonstrating that the final similarity index does not exceed 15% and that no evidence of plagiarism remains.

المراجع

Publication Requirements Authors submitting manuscripts to the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information must comply with the following requirements: 1. The manuscript must be original and must not have been previously published in any form. Authors are required to submit a signed declaration confirming the originality of their work. 2. The manuscript must not be under consideration for publication by another journal or publisher. 3. Once a manuscript has been accepted for publication in the Journal, it may not be published elsewhere without obtaining prior written permission from the Editor-in-Chief. 4. Upon acceptance, authors agree to transfer the publication rights of the manuscript to the Journal. Should the Journal wish to republish the work in another format or medium, the author's written consent will be obtained where applicable. 5. Authors must disclose all sources of financial support or research funding related to the submitted work. 6. Authors will receive an electronic offprint (PDF) of their published article. 7. Submitted manuscripts and accompanying materials will not be returned, regardless of whether the manuscript is accepted or rejected. Manuscript Preparation Requirements Manuscripts should contain 6,000–10,000 words and must include the following components: • A title page containing the title of the manuscript, the author's full name, current institutional affiliation, and contact information. • Abstracts in both Arabic and English, each not exceeding 200 words. • Keywords that accurately reflect the manuscript's specific field of study. • An introduction. • The main body of the manuscript, organized into appropriate sections and headings. • Conclusions. • A brief author biography. • A complete list of references. Formatting Requirements • Manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format. • Arabic manuscripts: Times New Roman, 14-point font for the main text. • English manuscripts: The Journal's standard formatting requirements should be followed. • Line spacing should be 1.5 throughout the manuscript. • Manuscripts should be carefully proofread before submission. Figures and Tables • Figures, illustrations, and charts should be embedded within the text at appropriate locations. • Figures should be prepared in black and white, numbered consecutively, with captions and explanatory notes placed below each figure. • Tables should be inserted within the text, numbered consecutively, with titles placed above the table and explanatory notes below it when necessary. • Footnotes should be used only where essential. Citation and Referencing The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information requires authors to use the APA 7th Edition referencing style exclusively. In-text Citations Citations should appear immediately after the referenced material using the following format: (Author's Surname, Year, p. Page Number) For example: • (Yousef & Ahmed, 2020, p. 16) Where no page number is applicable, only the author(s) and publication year should be included. Reference List • All references cited in the manuscript must be included in the reference list. • References should be arranged alphabetically according to the surname of the first author. • The reference list must fully comply with the guidelines of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th Edition. Examples of Reference Types (APA 7) The following are examples of the reference categories accepted by the Journal: • Books • Journal Articles • Book Chapters • Conference Papers • Theses and Dissertations • Online Resources • Government and Institutional Publications Authors are responsible for ensuring that all citations and references conform to the APA 7th Edition style before submitting their manuscripts. APA 7 Referencing Guidelines The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information requires authors to prepare all citations and references in accordance with the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th Edition. Books and Book Chapters Book – One Author Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of the book (Edition, if not the first). Publisher. Example Al-Halabi, M. (2020). Contemporary Arabic Literature (2nd ed.). Dar Al-Maaref Publishing. Note: The edition number is included only if it is not the first edition. Book – Two or More Authors Format Author's Surname, Initial(s)., & Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of the book (Edition). Publisher. Example Al-Muhairi, M., & Al-Najjar, A. (2021). Comparative Arabic Literature (3rd ed.). Dar Al-Fikr. According to APA 7, up to 20 authors should be listed in the reference list before using an ellipsis. Edited Book Format Editor's Surname, Initial(s). (Ed.). (Year). Title of the book (Edition). Publisher. Example Al-Sarraj, A. (Ed.). (2016). Constitutional Law. Dar Al-Kitab. For two editors: Al-Sarraj, A., & Al-Nabulsi, O. (Eds.). (2018). Civil Law (2nd ed.). Dar Al-Uloom. Chapter in an Edited Book Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of chapter. In Editor's Initial(s). Editor's Surname (Ed.), Title of the book (Edition, pp. xx–xx). Publisher. Example Al-Murabit, A. (2008). Arabic poetic meters. In A. Al-Rayhani (Ed.), Introduction to Arabic Literature (3rd ed., pp. 120–134). Al-Manarah Publishing. Journal Articles Journal Article Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of the article. Journal Title, Volume(Issue), Page Range. https://doi.org/xxxxx Example Al-Rahmani, A. (2021). The artistic vision in the poetry of Al-Mutanabbi. Journal of Humanities, 19(2), 130–145. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-04-2014-0083 If no DOI is available but the article is available online, provide the article URL. Example Al-Sarraj, I. (2022). Reference citation practices. Adwaa Journal, 16(3), 19–35. Conference Papers Published Conference Proceedings Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of the paper. In Editor's Initial(s). Editor's Surname (Ed.), Title of the conference proceedings (pp. xx–xx). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxxxx Example Mansour, F. (2017). Causes, manifestations, and prevention of addiction. In A. Zaki (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Contemporary Social Issues (pp. 77–89). Dar Al-Maaref. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4241-6_2 Unpublished Conference Presentation Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year, Month). Title of the presentation [Conference presentation]. Conference Name, City, Country. URL (if available) Example Abdullah, S. (2019, November). Criminal law in Bahrain [Conference presentation]. Tenth Conference on Criminal Law in Arab Countries, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. https://bit.ly/37DvrHR Theses and Dissertations Published Thesis or Dissertation Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of the thesis or dissertation [Master's thesis or Doctoral dissertation, University Name]. Repository or Database Name. URL (if available) Example Abdulhamid, T. (2020). Cybercrime law: A case study [Doctoral dissertation, University of Mosul]. URL Unpublished Thesis or Dissertation Format Author's Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title of the thesis or dissertation [Unpublished master's thesis or doctoral dissertation]. University Name. Example Abu Shaqaf, K. A. A. (2025). Bullying and its relationship to self-acceptance among secondary school female students [Unpublished master's thesis]. Jazan University. General APA 7 Referencing Guidelines The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information requires authors to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th Edition. Authors should observe the following general formatting and referencing rules: 1. The heading "References" should be centered at the top of the reference list. 2. References should not be numbered. Instead, they must be arranged in alphabetical order by the surname of the first author. 3. All references should appear in one consolidated reference list. References should not be divided into separate categories (e.g., books, journal articles, websites). 4. Both the manuscript text and the reference list should be formatted using double line spacing throughout. 5. Page ranges should be presented according to APA 7 conventions: o Use "pp." only for book chapters and conference proceedings. o For journal articles, provide only the page range without "pp." (e.g., 220–235). 6. Commas should be used only in the following situations: o After the journal title. o Between the issue number and the page range (e.g., Knowledge World, 12(5), 23–25). o After the edition statement in a book chapter reference (e.g., In A. Al-Alawi (Ed.), Sociology (3rd ed., pp. 112–130).). o Between the type of published thesis/dissertation and the university name inside square brackets (e.g., [Doctoral dissertation, University of Sharjah]). o After the author's surname in both in-text citations and reference entries. 7. For unpublished theses and dissertations, the university name should appear outside the square brackets and should be followed by a period rather than a comma. Example: [Unpublished master's thesis]. University of Khartoum. 8. The edition number should immediately follow the title of the book in parentheses, without a preceding period. Example: History of Science among Muslims (3rd ed.). Dar Al-Fikr. 9. The first edition should not be indicated. Only the second edition and later should be specified. 10. For edited books, include the editor's name followed by (Ed.) or (Eds.), then the publication year. Example: Al-Sarraj, A. (Ed.). (2018). 11. For translated or edited books, include the translator or editor immediately after the book title. Example: Introduction to Psychology (A. Al-Shamsi, Trans.). Dar Al-Fikr. (Original work published 2006). 12. When both a translator/editor and an edition are included, both elements should appear immediately after the title. Examples: Linguistics (R. Al-Hilali, Ed.) (4th ed.). Dar Al-Uloom. or Linguistics (Ed. by R. Al-Hilali, 4th ed.). Dar Al-Uloom. 13. If a journal does not have an issue number, include only the italicized volume number, followed by the page range. Example: Knowledge World Journal, 34, 97–113. 14. Italics should be used for: o Book titles. o Journal titles. o Thesis and dissertation titles. o Journal volume numbers. o Titles of unpublished conference papers. Manuscript Preparation and Publication Procedures Manuscript Requirements The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information welcomes original, high-quality research that demonstrates academic rigor, innovation, and a meaningful contribution to the advancement of educational technology, information technology, and related disciplines. Manuscripts may be submitted in Arabic or English, provided that the following requirements are met: 1. Each manuscript must include two abstracts, one in Arabic and one in English. Each abstract should not exceed one page and must be followed by five keywords. 2. The first page of the manuscript should contain: o The title of the manuscript; o The full name(s) of the author(s); and o The institutional affiliation(s) of the author(s). 3. Submitted manuscripts must not have been previously published, accepted for publication, or simultaneously submitted to another journal, conference, or any other publishing venue. Manuscripts must not be extracted from a published book or a master's or doctoral thesis. Authors are required to submit a signed declaration confirming the originality of the manuscript. 4. Authors are expected to observe the highest standards of research integrity and academic honesty. The Journal assumes no responsibility for any breach of academic ethics or research misconduct committed by the author(s). 5. Manuscripts should conform to internationally accepted standards of scholarly writing and include: o An introduction; o Clearly stated research objectives; o Research methodology; o An appropriate organizational structure; o Accurate and complete citations and references; o A conclusion summarizing the findings and presenting the main recommendations; and o A complete reference list arranged alphabetically. 6. Manuscripts must be submitted in both Microsoft Word (.doc/.docx) and PDF formats. 7. Manuscripts should be between 20 and 50 A4 pages in length. 8. Formatting requirements: o Arabic manuscripts: Times New Roman, 14-point font for the main text and 12-point font for footnotes. o English manuscripts: Calibri, 14-point font for the main text and 12-point font for footnotes. 9. Footnotes should appear at the bottom of each page and be numbered consecutively throughout the manuscript. 10. Manuscripts that have not undergone appropriate language editing and proofreading, whether written in Arabic or English, will not be considered for publication. Publication Procedures 1. Manuscripts must be submitted electronically through the "Submit Your Manuscript" portal available on the Journal's website. 2. All correspondence regarding manuscript submission and publication should be addressed to the Journal Secretariat. 3. Authors must submit a brief biographical statement together with their manuscript. 4. All submitted manuscripts are screened using plagiarism detection software. The overall similarity index must not exceed 15%. Manuscripts exceeding this threshold will not proceed to peer review. 5. The Editor-in-Chief forwards submitted manuscripts to the Scientific Publication Committee for an initial editorial assessment to determine whether they comply with the Journal's aims, scope, and publication standards. Manuscripts approved at this stage are assigned to qualified expert reviewers in the relevant field. 6. All manuscripts and peer-review reports are handled with strict confidentiality throughout the editorial process. 7. Following peer review, the Managing Editor sends the author copies of the reviewers' reports together with an official editorial decision indicating the required revisions, if any. Authors are normally given up to one month from the date of notification to complete the requested revisions. 8. Authors must submit the revised manuscript within the specified deadline together with a detailed response to reviewers explaining how each comment has been addressed. 9. The revised manuscript, the author's response letter, and the reviewers' reports are then examined by the Scientific Publication Committee to verify that all requested revisions have been satisfactorily completed. Once approved, the manuscript proceeds to the final production and publication stages. 10. The Managing Editor formally notifies the corresponding author of the Journal's final editorial decision, whether acceptance or rejection, based on the recommendation of the Scientific Publication Committee. 11. Upon acceptance, the author receives an official Letter of Acceptance, which is sent electronically via email. 12. Articles published in the Journal may not be republished in any other journal or conference proceedings without the prior written permission of the Journal. 13. Authors receive one printed copy of the journal issue in which their article appears, together with an electronic offprint (PDF) of the published article. 14. In addition to the printed edition, the Editorial Board reserves the right to publish all issues electronically on the official website of the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information.

Processing Charge The peer-review and publication fee is USD 400 (equivalent to SAR 1,500). Payment is required after the initial acceptance of the manuscript.

The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and preventing publication malpractice. The Journal's publication ethics policy is based on the Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors issued by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in 2011. Further information is available from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) at: https://publicationethics.org The Journal fully endorses the ethical principles and best practices established by COPE and takes all necessary measures to prevent academic misconduct throughout every stage of the scholarly publishing process. Any form of unethical publishing behavior—including plagiarism, duplicate publication, unauthorized reproduction, data fabrication, falsification, or other violations of research integrity—is regarded as unacceptable. The Editorial Board recognizes its ethical responsibility to preserve the integrity, transparency, and credibility of the scholarly record and applies publication ethics consistently throughout the editorial and peer-review process. Responsibilities of the Editor-in-Chief The Editorial Board of the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information consists of recognized scholars and experts in the Journal's fields of specialization. The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for publishing the names, institutional affiliations, and contact information of Editorial Board members on the Journal's official website. Editorial Decisions 1. The Editor-in-Chief has full responsibility for all editorial decisions concerning manuscript submission, peer review, revision, acceptance, or rejection. 2. Publication decisions are based on the reviewers' recommendations together with the manuscript's scientific merit, originality, clarity, significance, methodological soundness, and relevance to the aims and scope of the Journal. 3. When necessary, the Editor-in-Chief may consult Associate Editors, Editorial Board members, or additional subject-matter experts before reaching a final decision. 4. Editorial decisions shall also take into consideration legal requirements relating to copyright infringement, defamation, intellectual property rights, and research integrity. Confidentiality 1. The Editor-in-Chief and members of the Editorial Board shall not disclose any information concerning a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, editorial advisers, or the publisher, as appropriate. 2. The Journal operates a double-blind peer-review system, and all manuscripts and review reports are treated with strict confidentiality throughout the editorial process. Fair and Transparent Peer Review 1. Manuscripts shall be evaluated solely on the basis of their academic merit without discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, nationality, religious belief, institutional affiliation, or political or ideological views of the author(s). 2. Decisions regarding acceptance or rejection shall be based exclusively on the originality, scientific quality, clarity, significance, and relevance of the submitted work. 3. Where appropriate, the Editor-in-Chief may allow authors to recommend suitable reviewers or request that specific reviewers not be invited to evaluate their manuscripts, provided that such requests do not compromise the integrity of the peer-review process. Digital Archiving The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for ensuring that all published articles are securely archived electronically and remain permanently accessible through the Journal's official publishing platform. Disclosure, Research Integrity, and Conflicts of Interest 1. The Editor-in-Chief and Editorial Board members must not use unpublished materials, ideas, or data disclosed in submitted manuscripts for their own research without the author's explicit written permission. 2. Confidential information or innovative ideas obtained during the editorial or peer-review process must never be used for personal, academic, or commercial advantage. 3. The Editor-in-Chief shall require reviewers to disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest before accepting a review assignment and again when submitting their review reports. Reviewers who are unable to provide an impartial evaluation must decline the review invitation. 4. Original manuscripts authored or co-authored by researchers who have collaborated academically with the Editor-in-Chief within the previous three years shall be handled independently by a Guest Editor or another qualified Editorial Board member to ensure editorial impartiality. 5. Authors are required to disclose any financial, professional, institutional, or personal conflicts of interest related to their submitted work. If such conflicts are identified after publication, the Editor-in-Chief shall take appropriate corrective action in accordance with the Journal's ethical policies. Procedures for Addressing Unethical Conduct The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information is committed to investigating all allegations of publication misconduct in accordance with the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). 1. Any suspected unethical conduct identified before submission, during peer review, or after publication must be reported immediately to the Editor-in-Chief. 2. Individuals reporting suspected misconduct should provide sufficient evidence and supporting documentation to enable a fair and objective investigation. 3. Upon receiving a credible allegation, the Editor-in-Chief or an appointed investigator shall initiate a prompt investigation. All allegations will be treated seriously until a decision is reached based on clear and verifiable evidence. 4. Allegations of publication misconduct may be investigated regardless of how much time has elapsed since publication. 5. If a breach of publication ethics is confirmed, the Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the publisher, shall notify the corresponding author in writing and provide an opportunity to respond to the allegation before any final action is taken. 6. Where the misconduct is considered minor, the matter may be resolved internally by the Editor-in-Chief without involving external organizations. 7. In cases of serious misconduct, the Editor-in-Chief may refer the matter to the relevant academic institution, research organization, funding agency, or other appropriate authority for further investigation. 8. Depending on the severity of the misconduct, the Journal may implement one or more of the following actions: a. Issue a formal statement describing the ethical breach. b. Send an official notification to the author's department, institution, reviewer, or research funding organization. c. Retract the published article and formally notify the relevant institution of the retraction decision. d. Permanently remove the author or reviewer from the Journal's database of contributors and reviewers. Responsibilities of Authors Compliance with the Journal's Publication Policies Authors submitting manuscripts to the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information are expected to comply with the Journal's submission requirements and internationally accepted standards of research and publication ethics. 1. Authors must follow all submission requirements, editorial policies, and ethical guidelines established by the Journal. 2. Authors must confirm that they satisfy the Journal's authorship criteria and that all listed authors have made significant scholarly contributions to the work. 3. Authors are responsible for providing an accurate, complete, and objective description of the research together with an appropriate interpretation of its significance. 4. Manuscripts must include sufficient methodological details, references, and supporting information to enable other researchers to understand, evaluate, and appropriately cite the work. Responsible Authorship 1. Authors must refrain from all forms of research misconduct, including plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, and data manipulation. 2. Simultaneous submission of the same manuscript to more than one journal is considered unethical and is strictly prohibited. 3. Authors may be requested to provide the original research data or supporting materials during the peer-review process and should be prepared to make such information available when required, subject to ethical and legal considerations. 4. Submitted work must be entirely original. Contributions made by other researchers must be appropriately acknowledged, and all relevant prior research that influenced the study must be properly cited. 5. The corresponding author must ensure that all individuals who made substantial scholarly contributions are appropriately listed as co-authors and that written approval has been obtained from all co-authors before submission. 6. If an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in a published article, the author has an ethical obligation to notify the Editor-in-Chief or the publisher promptly and cooperate fully in correcting or retracting the publication, as appropriate. Copyright Authors retain the copyright to their work. Upon acceptance for publication, however, the publishing rights are transferred to the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information in accordance with the Journal's copyright policy. Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest 1. Authors must disclose all sources of research funding and any actual or potential conflicts of interest, including financial or institutional relationships, that could influence the review, interpretation, or publication of the submitted manuscript. 2. If a conflict of interest arises or is identified during or after the peer-review process, authors must immediately inform the Editor-in-Chief or the publisher so that appropriate editorial action may be taken. Responsibilities of Reviewers Contribution to Editorial Decisions The International Journal of Educational Technology and Information operates a double-blind peer-review system. Reviewers play a vital role in supporting the Editor-in-Chief and the Editorial Board in making fair and informed editorial decisions. Through constructive and objective evaluations, reviewers also assist authors in improving the quality, clarity, and scientific value of their manuscripts. Responsible Reviewing 1. Reviewers should accept review assignments only for manuscripts that fall within their areas of expertise. Any reviewer who feels unqualified or unable to complete the review in a timely manner should promptly notify the Editor-in-Chief and decline the invitation. 2. Reviewers must not use any unpublished information, data, ideas, or findings obtained through the peer-review process for personal, academic, or commercial benefit. 3. Reviewers must decline to review manuscripts in which they have any actual or potential conflict of interest arising from competitive, collaborative, financial, institutional, or other relationships with the author(s). 4. Reviewers should promptly inform the Editor-in-Chief if they identify substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under review and any previously published or unpublished work known to them. Confidentiality and Objectivity 1. All reviewers acting on behalf of the International Journal of Educational Technology and Information must strictly observe the confidentiality requirements of the Journal's double-blind peer-review process. 2. Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents and must not be shared, discussed, or disclosed to any third party without the prior authorization of the Editor-in-Chief. 3. Reviews should be conducted objectively, impartially, and professionally. Reviewers should avoid personal criticism of the author(s) and should evaluate manuscripts solely on their scholarly merit. 4. Reviewers are expected to provide clear, constructive, evidence-based comments and recommendations that support the editorial decision and help authors improve the quality of their research.